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First published online on September 19, 2007
Endocrine Reviews, doi:10.1210/er.2007-0016
A more recent version of this article appeared on October 1, 2007
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An Illustrated Review of Early Pancreas Development in the Mouse

Mette Christine Jørgensen, Jonas Ahnfelt-Rønne, Jacob Hald, Ole D. Madsen, Palle Serup, and Jacob Hecksher-Sørensen*

Hagedorn Research Institute, Department of Developmental Biology, Niels Steensens Vej 6, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jhes{at}hagedorn.dk.

Pancreas morphogenesis and cell differentiation is highly conserved among vertebrates during fetal development. The pancreas develops through simple bud-like structures on the primitive gut tube to a highly branched organ containing many specialized cell types. This review presents an overview of key molecular components and important signaling sources illustrated by an extensive three dimensional (3D) imaging of the developing mouse pancreas at single cell resolution. The 3D documentation covers the time window between e8.5 and e14.5 in which all the pancreatic cell types become specified and therefore includes gene expression patterns of pancreatic endocrine hormones, exocrine gene products, and essential transcription factors. The 3D perspective provides valuable insight into how a complex organ like the pancreas is formed and a perception of ventral and dorsal pancreatic growth that is otherwise difficult to uncover. We further discuss how this global analysis of the developing pancreas confirms and extends previous studies, and we envisage that this type of analysis can be instrumental for evaluating mutant phenotypes in the future.
Key words: Pancreas • {beta}-cell • diabetes • endocrine • wholemount • immunfluorescence • confocal • development • mouse • Pdx1 • Neurog3 • Nkx6–1 • insulin




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