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The Clinic for Endocrinology and Diabetes (M.Y.D.), University Hospital Zurich, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland; Department for Translational Diabetology (J.S., L.A.B., N.B., T.M.-P.), Steno Diabetes Center, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark; and Core Unit for Medical Research Methodology (T.M.-P.), Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
Correspondence: Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Thomas Mandrup-Poulsen, M.D., DMSc, Department for Translational Diabetology, Steno Diabetes Center, Niels Steensensvej 2, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark. E-mail: tmpo{at}steno.dk
The tale of cytokines and the β-cell is a long story, starting with in vitro discovery in 1984, evolving via descriptive and phenomenological studies to detailed mapping of the signalling pathways, gene- and protein expression patterns, molecular and biochemical effector mechanisms to in vivo studies in spontaneously diabetic and transgenic animal models. Only very recently have steps been taken to translate the accumulating compelling preclinical data into clinical trials. The aim of this chapter is to present an overview of early and recent key observations from our own groups as well as other laboratories that serve to illuminate the road from concept to clinical translation.
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