David M. Lonard,
Rainer B. Lanz and
Bert W. O’Malley
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
Correspondence: Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Bert W. O’Malley, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030. E-mail: berto{at}bcm.tmc.edu.
Nuclear receptor (NR) coregulators (coactivators and corepressors)are essential elements in regulating nuclear receptor-mediatedtranscription. In a little more than a decade since their discovery,these proteins have been studied mechanistically and revealthat the regulation of transcription is a highly controlledand complex process. Because of their central role in regulatingNR-mediated transcription and in coordinating intercompartmentalmetabolic processes, disruptions in coregulator biology canlead to pathological states. To date, the extent to which theyare involved in human disease has not been widely appreciated.In a complete literature survey, we have identified nearly 300distinct coregulators, revealing that a great variety of enzymaticand regulatory capabilities exist for NRs to regulate transcriptionand other cellular events. Here, we substantiate that coregulatorsare broadly implicated in human pathological states and willbe of growing future interest in clinical medicine.
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