Epidermal Homeostasis: The Role of the Growth Hormone and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Systems
Stephanie R. Edmondson,
Susan P. Thumiger,
George A. Werther and
Christopher J. Wraight
Centre for Hormone Research, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia 3052
Correspondence: Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Stephanie Edmondson, Center for Hormone Research, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria, Australia 3052. E-mail: stephanie.edmondson{at}mcri.edu.au
GH and IGF-I and -II were first identified by their endocrineactivity. Specifically, IGF-I was found to mediate the lineargrowth-promoting actions of GH. It is now evident that thesetwo growth factor systems also exert widespread activity throughoutthe body and that their actions are not always interconnected.The literature highlights the importance of the GH and IGF systemsin normal skin homeostasis, including dermal/epidermal cross-talk.GH activity, sometimes mediated via IGF-I, is primarily evidentin the dermis, particularly affecting collagen synthesis. Incontrast, IGF action is an important feature of the dermal andepidermal compartments, predominantly enhancing cell proliferation,survival, and migration. The locally expressed IGF binding proteinsplay significant and complex roles, primarily via modulationof IGF actions. Disturbances in GH and IGF signaling pathwaysare implicated in the pathophysiology of several skin perturbations,particularly those exhibiting epidermal hyperplasia (e.g., psoriasis,carcinomas). Additionally, many studies emphasize the potentialuse of both growth factors in the treatment of skin wounds;for example, burn patients. This overview concerns the roleand mechanisms of action of the GH and IGF systems in skin andmaintenance of epidermal integrity in both health and disease.
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