The Matrix Metalloproteinase System: Changes, Regulation, and Impact throughout the Ovarian and Uterine Reproductive Cycle
Thomas E. Curry, Jr. and
Kevin G. Osteen
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (T.E.C.), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536; and Women’s Reproductive Health Research Center (K.G.O.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
Correspondence: Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Thomas E. Curry, Jr., Ph.D., Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky Medical Center, 800 Rose Street, Room C355, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0293. E-mail: tecurry{at}uky.edu
The ovary and uterus undergo extensive tissue remodeling throughouteach reproductive cycle. This remodeling of the extracellularenvironment is dependent upon the cyclic hormonal changes associatedwith each estrous or menstrual cycle. In the ovary, tissue remodelingis requisite for growth and expansion of the follicle, breakdownof the follicular wall during the ovulatory process, transformationof the postovulatory follicle into the corpus luteum, as wellas the structural dissolution of the corpus luteum during lutealregression. In the uterus, there is extraordinary turnover ofthe endometrial connective tissue matrix during each menstrualcycle. This turnover encompasses the complete breakdown andloss of this layer, followed by its subsequent regrowth. Withimplantation, extensive remodeling of the uterus occurs to supportplacentation. These dynamic changes in the ovarian and uterineextracellular architecture are regulated, in part, by the matrixmetalloproteinase (MMP) system. The MMP system acts to controlconnective tissue remodeling processes throughout the body andis comprised of both a proteolytic component, the MMPs, anda regulatory component, the associated tissue inhibitors ofmetalloproteinases. The current review will highlight the keyfeatures of the MMPs and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases,focus on the changes and regulation of the MMP system that takeplace throughout the estrous and menstrual cycles, and addressthe impact of the dynamic tissue remodeling processes on ovarianand uterine physiology.
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V. Quesada, L. M. Sanchez, J. Alvarez, and C. Lopez-Otin Identification and Characterization of Human and Mouse Ovastacin: A NOVEL METALLOPROTEINASE SIMILAR TO HATCHING ENZYMES FROM ARTHROPODS, BIRDS, AMPHIBIANS, AND FISH
J. Biol. Chem.,
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[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
J. Hu, C. A. Gray, and T. E. Spencer Gene Expression Profiling of Neonatal Mouse Uterine Development
Biol Reprod,
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[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
L. J. Spicer Proteolytic Degradation of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins by Ovarian Follicles: A Control Mechanism for Selection of Dominant Follicles
Biol Reprod,
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[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
B. A. Lessey Endometrial Responsiveness to Steroid Hormones: A Moving Target
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[PDF]
