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Endocrine Reviews 23 (4): 431-442
Copyright © 2002 by The Endocrine Society

Molecular Basis of Combined Pituitary Hormone Deficiencies

Laurie E. Cohen and Sally Radovick

Division of Endocrinology (L.E.C.), Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (S.R.), University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637

Correspondence: Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Sally Radovick, M.D., Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC5053, Chicago, Illinois 60637. E-mail: sradovic{at}peds.bsd.uchicago.edu

Pituitary gland commitment from oral ectoderm occurs in response to inductive signals from the neuroepithelium of the ventral diencephalon. Invagination of the oral ectoderm leads to the creation of Rathke’s pouch. Intensified cell proliferation within Rathke’s pouch results in formation of the anterior pituitary lobe. Subsequently, highly differentiated cell types arise sequentially due to overlapping, but distinct, spatial and temporal patterns of signaling molecules and transcription factors. Mutations in some of the pituitary-specific transcription factors have been identified in patients with hypopituitarism, confirming the role of these factors in pituitary development.




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