Munro Peacock,
Charles H. Turner,
Michael J. Econs and
Tatiana Foroud
Department of Medicine (M.P., M.J.E.), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.H.T.), and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (M.J.E., T.F.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202; and Department of Biomedical Engineering (C.H.T.), Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
Correspondence: Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Munro Peacock, M.D., General Clinical Research Center, University Hospital and Outpatient Center, Room 5595, 550 North University Boulevard, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202. E-mail: mpeacock{at}iupui.edu
Osteoporosis is a common multifactorial disorder of reducedbone mass. The disorder in its most common form is generalized,affecting the elderly, both sexes, and all racial groups. Multipleenvironmental factors are involved in the pathogenesis. Genesalso play a major role as reflected by heritability of manycomponents of bone strength. Quantitative phenotypes in bonestrength in the normal population do not conform to a monogeneticmode of inheritance. The common form of osteoporosis is generallyconsidered to be a polygenic disorder arising from the interactionof common polymorphic alleles at quantitative trait loci, withmultiple environmental factors. Finding the susceptibility genesunderlying osteoporosis requires identifying specific allelesthat coinherit with key heritable phenotypes in bone strength.Because of the close correspondence among mammalian genomes,identification of the genes underlying bone strength in mammalssuch as the mouse is likely to be of major assistance in humanstudies. Identification of susceptibility genes for osteoporosisis one of several important approaches toward the long-termgoal of understanding the molecular biology of the normal variationin bone strength and how it may be modified to prevent osteoporosis.As with all genetic studies in humans, these scientific advanceswill need to be made in an environment of legal and ethicalsafeguards that are acceptable to the general public.
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