Are Estrogens of Import to Primate/Human Ovarian Folliculogenesis?1
Steven F. Palter,
Adriano B. Tavares,
Ariel Hourvitz,
Johannes D. Veldhuis and
Eli Y. Adashi
Division of Reproductive Endocrinology (S.F.P.), Department of
Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yale University School of Medicine, New
Haven, Connecticut; Division of Reproductive Sciences (A.B.T., E.Y.A.),
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah Health
Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Obstetrics and
Gynecology (A.H.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Sackler
School of Medicine, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel; and Division of
Endocrinology and Metabolism (J.D.V.), University of Virginia Health
Sciences Center, Charlottesville, Virginia
The notion that estrogens play a meaningful role in ovarian
folliculogenesisstems from a large body of in vitro and
in vivo experimentscarried out in certain rodent
models, (e.g., rats) wherein thestimulatory role of
estrogen on granulosa cell growth and differentiationis undisputed.
However, evidence derived from these polyovulatoryspecies may not be
readily generalizable to the monoovulatorysubhuman primates, let alone
the human. Only recently, significantobservations on the ovarian
role(s) of estrogen have been reportedfor the primate/human. It is
thus the objective of this communicationto review the evidence for and
against a role for estrogensin primate/human ovarian follicular
development with an emphasistoward the application of the concepts so
developed to contemporaryreproductive physiology and to the practice
of reproductivemedicine. The role(s) of estrogens will be examined not
onlyby analyzing the physiological evidence to the effect that these
hormonescontrol ovarian function and follicular growth, but also by
summarizingthe molecular evidence for the existence and distribution
ofthe cognate receptors.
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