Intercellular Communication in the Anterior Pituitary1
Jeffrey Schwartz
Department of Physiology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005
Australia; and Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Physiology
and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine,
Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157
In addition to hypothalamic and feedback inputs, the secretorycells of
the anterior pituitary are influenced by the activityof factors
secreted within the gland. The list of putative intrapituitaryfactors
has been expanding steadily over the past decade, althoughuntil
recently much of the work was limited to descriptionsof potential
interactions. This took the form of evidence ofproduction within the
pituitary of factors already known toinfluence activity of secretory
cells, or further descriptionsof actions on pituitary cells by such
factors when added exogenously.A new phase of discovery has been
entered, with extensive effortsbeing made to delineate the control of
the synthesis and secretionof the pituitary factors within the gland,
regulation of thereceptors and response mechanisms for the factors in
pituitarycells, and measurements of the endogenous
actions of the factorsthrough the use of specific
immunoneutralization, receptor blockade,tissue from transgenic
animals, and other means. Taken together,these findings are producing
blueprints of the intrapituitaryinteractions that influence each of
the individual types ofsecretory cells, leading toward an
understanding of the physiologicalsignificance of the interactions.
The purpose of this articleis to review the recent literature on many
of the factors actingas intrapituitary signals and to present such
finding in thecontext of the physiology of the secretory cells.
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