Role of Hormones in Pilosebaceous Unit Development
Dianne Deplewski and
Robert L. Rosenfield
Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, The University of Chicago
Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60637-1470
Androgens are required for sexual hair and sebaceous gland development.
However,pilosebaceous unit (PSU) growth and differentiation require
theinteraction of androgen with numerous other biological factors.The
pattern of PSU responsiveness to androgen is determinedin the embryo.
Hair follicle growth involves close reciprocalepithelial-stromal
interactions that recapitulate ontogeny;these interactions are
necessary for optimal hair growth inculture. Peroxisome
proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs)and retinoids have recently
been found to specifically affectsebaceous cell growth and
differentiation. Many other hormonessuch as GH, insulin-like growth
factors, insulin, glucocorticoids,estrogen, and thyroid hormone play
important roles in PSU growthand development. The biological and
endocrinological basis ofPSU development and the hormonal treatment of
the PSU disordershirsutism, acne vulgaris, and pattern alopecia are
reviewed.Improved understanding of the multiplicity of factors
involvedin normal PSU growth and differentiation will be necessary to
provideoptimal treatment approaches for these disorders.
This article has been cited by other articles:
W. L. Tom and S. Fallon Friedlander Acne Through the Ages: Case-Based Observations Through Childhood and Adolescence
Clinical Pediatrics,
September 1, 2008;
47(7):
639 - 651.
[Abstract][PDF]
B. A. Swiglo, M. Cosma, D. N. Flynn, D. M. Kurtz, M. L. LaBella, R. J. Mullan, P. J. Erwin, and V. M. Montori Antiandrogens for the Treatment of Hirsutism: A Systematic Review and Metaanalyses of Randomized Controlled Trials
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.,
April 1, 2008;
93(4):
1153 - 1160.
[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
K. A. Martin, R. J. Chang, D. A. Ehrmann, L. Ibanez, R. A. Lobo, R. L. Rosenfield, J. Shapiro, V. M. Montori, and B. A. Swiglo Evaluation and Treatment of Hirsutism in Premenopausal Women: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.,
April 1, 2008;
93(4):
1105 - 1120.
[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
U. Ohnemus, M. Uenalan, J. Inzunza, J.-A. Gustafsson, and R. Paus The Hair Follicle as an Estrogen Target and Source
Endocr. Rev.,
October 1, 2006;
27(6):
677 - 706.
[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
R. L. Rosenfield Hirsutism
N. Engl. J. Med.,
December 15, 2005;
353(24):
2578 - 2588.
[Full Text][PDF]
F. Schirra, T. Suzuki, S. M. Richards, R. V. Jensen, M. Liu, M. J. Lombardi, P. Rowley, N. S. Treister, and D. A. Sullivan Androgen Control of Gene Expression in the Mouse Meibomian Gland
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
October 1, 2005;
46(10):
3666 - 3675.
[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
E. Codner, D. Mook-Kanamori, R. A. Bazaes, N. Unanue, H. Sovino, F. Ugarte, A. Avila, G. Iniguez, and F. Cassorla Ovarian Function during Puberty in Girls with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Response to Leuprolide
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.,
July 1, 2005;
90(7):
3939 - 3945.
[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
B. Galobardes, G. D. Smith, M. Jeffreys, S. Kinra, and P. McCarron Acne in Adolescence and Cause-specific Mortality: Lower Coronary Heart Disease but Higher Prostate Cancer Mortality: The Glasgow Alumni Cohort Study
Am. J. Epidemiol.,
June 15, 2005;
161(12):
1094 - 1101.
[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
N. Pucci, E. Novembre, E. Lombardi, C. Massai, R. Bernardini, R. Caputo, L. Campa, C. d. Libero, and A. Vierucci Long Eyelashes in a Case Series of 93 Children With Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis
Pediatrics,
January 1, 2005;
115(1):
e86 - e91.
[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
S. R. Edmondson, S. P. Thumiger, G. A. Werther, and C. J. Wraight Epidermal Homeostasis: The Role of the Growth Hormone and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Systems
Endocr. Rev.,
December 1, 2003;
24(6):
737 - 764.
[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
M. Allen, M. Grachtchouk, H. Sheng, V. Grachtchouk, A. Wang, L. Wei, J. Liu, A. Ramirez, D. Metzger, P. Chambon, et al. Hedgehog Signaling Regulates Sebaceous Gland Development
Am. J. Pathol.,
December 1, 2003;
163(6):
2173 - 2178.
[Abstract][Full Text]
L. Ibanez, K. K. Ong, N. Mongan, J. Jaaskelainen, M. V. Marcos, I. A. Hughes, F. de Zegher, and D. B. Dunger Androgen Receptor Gene CAG Repeat Polymorphism in the Development of Ovarian Hyperandrogenism
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.,
July 1, 2003;
88(7):
3333 - 3338.
[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
B. D. Sullivan, J. E. Evans, J. M. Cermak, K. L. Krenzer, M. R. Dana, and D. A. Sullivan Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome: Effect on Human Meibomian Gland Secretions
Arch Ophthalmol,
December 1, 2002;
120(12):
1689 - 1699.
[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
C. C. Zouboulis, H. Seltmann, N. Hiroi, W. Chen, M. Young, M. Oeff, W. A. Scherbaum, C. E. Orfanos, S. M. McCann, and S. R. Bornstein Corticotropin-releasing hormone: An autocrine hormone that promotes lipogenesis in human sebocytes
PNAS,
May 14, 2002;
99(10):
7148 - 7153.
[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
J. C. Shaw and L. E. White Persistent Acne in Adult Women
Arch Dermatol,
September 1, 2001;
137(9):
1252 - 1253.
[Full Text][PDF]