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Endocrine Reviews 20 (3): 345-357
Copyright © 1999 by The Endocrine Society

Modulation of Osteoclast Differentiation and Function by the New Members of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor and Ligand Families

Tatsuo Suda, Naoyuki Takahashi, Nobuyuki Udagawa, Eijiro Jimi, Matthew T. Gillespie and T. John Martin

Department of Biochemistry (T.S., N.T., N.U., E.J.), School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan; and St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research (M.T.G., T.J.M.), University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia

I. Introduction
II. Role of Osteoblasts/Stromal Cells in Osteoclast Differentiation and Function
A. Origin of osteoclasts
B. Stimulation of osteoclast differentiation by osteoblasts/stromal cells
C. Stimulation of osteoclast function by osteoblasts/stromal cells
III. New Members of the Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Receptor and Ligand Families
A. Osteoprotegerin (OPG)
B. Osteoclast differentiation factor (ODF) and stromal osteoclast-forming activity (SOFA)
IV. Regulatory Mechanism in Osteoclast Development and Function
A. Regulatory mechanism of osteoclast differentiation by RANKL
B. Regulatory mechanism of RANKL action on osteoclast function
C. Signals induced by interleukin-1 (IL-1) and RANKL in osteoclasts
V. Regulation of Human Osteoclast Development
VI. Summary and Conclusion




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