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Molecular Genetics and Epidemiology of Prostate Carcinoma

Departments of Urology (E.R., F.D., J.S.) and Pathology (E.R., C.v.d.K., D.R.), University Hospital Nijmegen, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology (G.M.), University of Colorado, Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80260, U.S.A.; and Department of Pathology and Companion Animals (J.S.), Veterinarian Faculty, University of Utrecht, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands

I. Introduction

A. Prostate carcinoma epidemiology: mortality rates, incidence, and prevalence

B. Familial clustering of prostate carcinoma

C. Scope of the review

II. Somatic Genetic Alterations in Prostate Carcinoma

A. Alterations in DNA methylation

B. The androgen signaling cascade

C. Vitamin D and prostate carcinoma

D. Oncogenes

E. TSGs

F. Metastasis suppressor genes (MSGs)

G. Telomerase activity

III. Etiology of Familial Clustering of Prostate Carcinoma

IV. Human Papillomavirus and Prostate Carcinoma

V. Morphological Diversity of Prostate Carcinoma

VI. Concluding Remarks

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