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Excitatory Amino Acids: Evidence for a Role in the Control of Reproduction and Anterior Pituitary Hormone Secretion¹

Department of Physiology and Endocrinology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia 30912

I. Introduction

II. The EAA System: Overview, Description, and Localization in Neuroendocrine Tissues

A. Endogenous EAAs and their localization in the hypothalamus

B. Types of EAA receptors and their localization in the CNS and hypothalamus

C. EAA transporters

III. EAAs and Reproduction

A. Effect of EAA agonists on LH secretion

B. Effect of blockade of EAA neurotransmission on the steroid-induced and preovulatory LH surge and pulsatile LH secretion

C. Site of action of EAAs in the control of LH secretion

D. Mechanism of action of EAAs in the control of LH secretion

E. The opioid-glutamate-nitric oxide-guanylate cyclase pathway in the control of GnRH secretion: a proposed model

IV. Role of EAAs in Puberty and Reproductive Behavior

A. Role of EAAs in puberty

B. EAAs and reproductive behavior

V. Role of EAAs in the Secretion of Other Anterior Pituitary Hormones

A. ACTH

B. GH

C. PRL

VI. Conclusions

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