Physiological Action of Progesterone in Target Tissues1
J. Dinny Graham2 and
Christine L. Clarke
Westmead Institute for Cancer Research, University of Sydney,
Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW 2145, Australia
I. Introduction
II. Synthesis and Secretion of Progesterone
III. The Progesterone Receptor
A. PR expression and regulation
IV. Progesterone Regulation of Gene Expression in the Uterus,Ovary, and
Chick Oviduct
A. Progesterone effects on proliferationand decidualizationin the uterus
during the menstrual cycle
B. Progesterone regulation of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)pathways in
the endometrium
C. Control of ovulation
D. Implantation,uterine proliferation, and early pregnancy
E. Myometrial contractility
F. Chick oviduct
V. Progesterone Action in the Breast
A.Effect of progesterone on proliferation of the normal breast
B. Progesterone regulation of genes associated with cell cycleprogression
C. Progesterone regulation of growth factors andgrowth factorreceptors
in the breast
D. Markers of progestinaction in the breast
E. Progesterone effects on lactation
VI. Progesterone Effects in the Brain
VII. ProgesteroneEffects on Bone
VIII. Antiestrogen Action of Progesterone
A. Inhibition of ER expression
B. Progesterone inhibitionof the molecular action of ER
IX. Summary and Conclusion
X.Future Directions
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58(1):
199 - 226.
[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
E. Smid-Koopman, L. J. Blok, L. C. M. Kuhne,, C. W. Burger, T. J. M. Helmerhorst, A. O. Brinkman, and F. J. Huikeshoven Distinct Functional Differences of Human Progesterone Receptors A and B on Gene Expression and Growth Regulation in Two Endometrial Carcinoma Cell Lines
Reproductive Sciences,
January 1, 2003;
10(1):
49 - 57.
[Abstract][PDF]
T. M. Ahola, T. Manninen, N. Alkio, and T. Ylikomi G Protein-Coupled Receptor 30 Is Critical for a Progestin-Induced Growth Inhibition in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells
Endocrinology,
September 1, 2002;
143(9):
3376 - 3384.
[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
P. A. Newcomb, L. Titus-Ernstoff, K. M. Egan, A. Trentham-Dietz, J. A. Baron, B. E. Storer, W. C. Willett, and M. J. Stampfer Postmenopausal Estrogen and Progestin Use in Relation to Breast Cancer Risk
Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.,
July 1, 2002;
11(7):
593 - 600.
[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
Y. Wan and S. K. Nordeen Overlapping but Distinct Gene Regulation Profiles by Glucocorticoids and Progestins in Human Breast Cancer Cells
Mol. Endocrinol.,
June 1, 2002;
16(6):
1204 - 1214.
[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
A. B. Spurdle, J. L. Hopper, X. Chen, M. R. E. McCredie, G. G. Giles, D. J. Venter, M. C. Southey, and G. Chenevix-Trench The Progesterone Receptor Exon 4 Val660Leu G/T Polymorphism and Risk of Breast Cancer in Australian Women
Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.,
May 1, 2002;
11(5):
439 - 443.
[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
C.L. Swan, M.C. Agostini, P.M. Bartlewski, V. Feyles, R.J. Urban, and P.J. Chedrese Effects of Progestins on Progesterone Synthesis in a Stable Porcine Granulosa Cell Line: Control of Transcriptional Activity of the Cytochrome P450 Side-Chain Cleavage Gene
Biol Reprod,
April 1, 2002;
66(4):
959 - 965.
[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
C.-L. Chen, N. S. Weiss, P. Newcomb, W. Barlow, and E. White Hormone Replacement Therapy in Relation to Breast Cancer
JAMA,
February 13, 2002;
287(6):
734 - 741.
[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
D. Dai, D. M. Wolf, E. S. Litman, M. J. White, and K. K. Leslie Progesterone Inhibits Human Endometrial Cancer Cell Growth and Invasiveness: Down-Regulation of Cellular Adhesion Molecules through Progesterone B Receptors
Cancer Res.,
February 1, 2002;
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881 - 886.
[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
C. Rodriguez-Sallaberry, F. A. Simmen, and R. C.M. Simmen Polyamine- and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I-Mediated Proliferation of Porcine Uterine Endometrial Cells: A Potential Role for Spermidine/Spermine N1-Acetyltransferase During Peri-Implantation
Biol Reprod,
August 1, 2001;
65(2):
587 - 594.
[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
R. L. Arnett-Mansfield, A. deFazio, G. V. Wain, R. C. Jaworski, K. Byth, P. A. Mote, and C. L. Clarke Relative Expression of Progesterone Receptors A and B in Endometrioid Cancers of the Endometrium
Cancer Res.,
June 1, 2001;
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[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
Y. Wan, K. K. Coxe, V. G. Thackray, P. R. Housley, and S. K. Nordeen Separable Features of the Ligand-Binding Domain Determine the Differential Subcellular Localization and Ligand-Binding Specificity of Glucocorticoid Receptor and Progesterone Receptor
Mol. Endocrinol.,
January 1, 2001;
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17 - 31.
[Abstract][Full Text]
T. Kurita, K.-j. Lee, P. T.K. Saunders, P. S. Cooke, J. A. Taylor, D. B. Lubahn, C. Zhao, S. Mäkelä, J.-A. Gustafsson, R. Dahiya, et al. Regulation of Progesterone Receptors and Decidualization in Uterine Stroma of the Estrogen Receptor-{{alpha}} Knockout Mouse
Biol Reprod,
January 1, 2001;
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272 - 283.
[Abstract][Full Text]
A. Mayerhofer, S. Fritz, R. Grünert, S. L. Sanders, D. M. Duffy, S. R. Ojeda, and R. L. Stouffer D1-Receptor, DARPP-32, and PP-1 in the Primate Corpus Luteum and Luteinized Granulosa Cells: Evidence for Phosphorylation of DARPP-32 by Dopamine and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.,
December 1, 2000;
85(12):
4750 - 4757.
[Abstract][Full Text]
H. Okada, T. Nakajima, M. Sanezumi, A. Ikuta, K. Yasuda, and H. Kanzaki Progesterone Enhances Interleukin-15 Production in Human Endometrial Stromal Cells in Vitro
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.,
December 1, 2000;
85(12):
4765 - 4770.
[Abstract][Full Text]
N. Danilovich, P. S. Babu, W. Xing, M. Gerdes, H. Krishnamurthy, and M. R. Sairam Estrogen Deficiency, Obesity, and Skeletal Abnormalities in Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Receptor Knockout (FORKO) Female Mice
Endocrinology,
November 1, 2000;
141(11):
4295 - 4308.
[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
R. Runic, F. Schatz, L. Wan, R. Demopoulos, G. Krikun, and C. J. Lockwood Effects of Norplant on Endometrial Tissue Factor Expression and Blood Vessel Structure
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.,
October 1, 2000;
85(10):
3853 - 3859.
[Abstract][Full Text]
D. C. Skinner, T. G. Harris, and N. P. Evans Duration and Amplitude of the Luteal Phase Progesterone Increment Times the Estradiol-Induced Luteinizing Hormone Surge in Ewes
Biol Reprod,
October 1, 2000;
63(4):
1135 - 1142.
[Abstract][Full Text]
B. Mulac-Jericevic, R. A. Mullinax, F. J. DeMayo, J. P. Lydon, and O. M. Conneely Subgroup of Reproductive Functions of Progesterone Mediated by Progesterone Receptor-B Isoform
Science,
September 8, 2000;
289(5485):
1751 - 1754.
[Abstract][Full Text]
C. L. Smith, R. G. Wolford, T. B. O’Neill, and G. L. Hager Characterization of Transiently and Constitutively Expressed Progesterone Receptors: Evidence for Two Functional States
Mol. Endocrinol.,
July 1, 2000;
14(7):
956 - 971.
[Abstract][Full Text]
J. C. O'Connor, L. G. Davis, S. R. Frame, and J. C. Cook Evaluation of a Tier I Screening Battery for Detecting Endocrine-Active Compounds (EACs) Using the Positive Controls Testosterone, Coumestrol, Progesterone, and RU486
Toxicol. Sci.,
April 1, 2000;
54(2):
338 - 354.
[Abstract][Full Text][PDF]
T. Kurita, K.-j. Lee, P. S. Cooke, J. A. Taylor, D. B. Lubahn, and G. R. Cunha Paracrine Regulation of Epithelial Progesterone Receptor by Estradiol in the Mouse Female Reproductive Tract
Biol Reprod,
April 1, 2000;
62(4):
821 - 830.
[Abstract][Full Text]
V. C.-L. Lin, E. H. Ng, S. E. Aw, M. G.-K. Tan, E. H.-L. Ng, and B. H. Bay Progesterone Induces Focal Adhesion in Breast Cancer Cells MDA-MB-231 Transfected with Progesterone Receptor Complementary DNA
Mol. Endocrinol.,
March 1, 2000;
14(3):
348 - 358.
[Abstract][Full Text]
