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Endocrine Reviews 18 (2): 229-240
Copyright © 1997 by The Endocrine Society

Chick Ovalbumin Upstream Promoter-Transcription Factors (COUP-TFs): Coming of Age1

Sophia Y. Tsai and Ming-Jer Tsai

Department of Cell Biology (S.Y.T., M-J.T.) and Medicine (M-J.T.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030

I. Introduction
II. The COUP-TF Gene Family
A. Homology to other members of the steroid/thyroid hormone receptor superfamily
B. Sequence homology within the COUP-TF gene family
III. Biochemical Characteristics
A. DNA-binding sites
B. Molecular mechanism of COUP-TFs action
1. Competition for occupancy of the binding sites
2. Competition for RXR
3. Active repression
4. Transrepression
5. The role of COUP-TFs in transactivation
IV. Expression Patterns of COUP-TFs During Development
A. Expression patterns in zebrafish and Xenopus
B. Expression patterns in mouse and chick
V. Physiological Function of COUP-TFs
A. Ectopic expression of svp in Drosophila
B. Ectopic expression of COUP-TFI in Xenopus embryos
C. Loss of function of COUP-TFI in mice
D. Loss of function of COUP-TFII in mice
VI. Regulation of the Expression of COUP-TF Genes
A. Regulation of COUP-TF by retinoids
B. Regulation of COUP-TF by sonic hedgehog (Shh)
VII. Perspectives




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