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Biological Roles of Fibroblast Growth Factor-2¹

Department of Cell Biology (S.K., G.P), and the Raymond and Beverly Sackler Foundation Laboratory (D.B.R.), and the Kaplan Cancer Center, New York University Medical Center, New York, New York 10016; and the Growth Factor and Cell Differentiation Laboratory (A.B.), University of Bordeaux I, 33405 Talence, France

I. Introduction

II. Structure of FGF-2

III. Mechanisms of Action of FGF-2: Extra- and Intracellular Signaling

A. Exogenous 18-kDa FGF-2

B. Endogenous 18-kDa FGF-2 and HMW FGF-2

IV. Release of FGF-2

V. Roles of FGF-2 in Development and Differentiation in Various Organ Systems

A. Mesoderm induction

B. Angiogenesis

C. Vessel wall

D. Lung

E. Hematopoiesis

F. Nervous system

G. Reproductive system

H. Skin

I. Eye

J. Muscle and skeleton

K. Digestive system

VI. Conclusions

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				T. Shimoaka, T. Ogasawara, A. Yonamine, D. Chikazu, H. Kawano, K. Nakamura, N. Itoh, and H. Kawaguchi Regulation of Osteoblast, Chondrocyte, and Osteoclast Functions by Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF)-18 in Comparison with FGF-2 and FGF-10 J. Biol. Chem., February 22, 2002; 277(9): 7493 - 7500. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. T. A. Meij, F. Sheikh, S. K. Jimenez, P. W. Nickerson, E. Kardami, and P. A. Cattini Exacerbation of myocardial injury in transgenic mice overexpressing FGF-2 is T cell dependent Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, February 1, 2002; 282(2): H547 - H555. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Tassi, A. Al-Attar, A. Aigner, M. R. Swift, K. McDonnell, A. Karavanov, and A. Wellstein Enhancement of Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) Activity by an FGF-binding Protein J. Biol. Chem., October 19, 2001; 276(43): 40247 - 40253. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Aihara, J. D. Lindsey, and R. N. Weinreb Enhanced FGF-2 Movement through Human Sclera after Exposure to Latanoprost Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., October 1, 2001; 42(11): 2554 - 2559. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. COMBET, M.-L. FERRIER, M. V. LANDSCHOOT, M. STOENOIU, P. MOULIN, T. MIYATA, N. LAMEIRE, and O. DEVUYST Chronic Uremia Induces Permeability Changes, Increased Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression, and Structural Modifications in the Peritoneum J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., October 1, 2001; 12(10): 2146 - 2157. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Jozkowicz, J. P Cooke, I. Guevara, I. Huk, P. Funovics, O. Pachinger, F. Weidinger, and J. Dulak Genetic augmentation of nitric oxide synthase increases the vascular generation of VEGF Cardiovasc Res, September 1, 2001; 51(4): 773 - 783. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Reimers, M. Antoine, M. Zapatka, V. Blecken, C. Dickson, and P. Kiefer NoBP, a Nuclear Fibroblast Growth Factor 3 Binding Protein, Is Cell Cycle Regulated and Promotes Cell Growth Mol. Cell. Biol., August 1, 2001; 21(15): 4996 - 5007. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Yokoyama and T. Hirase Harmonic Interplay of Angiogenic Growth Factors in the Development of Coronary Blood Vessels Circ. Res., June 8, 2001; 88(11): 1099 - 1101. [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. ROSENTHAL, H. THIEME, and O. STRAUSS Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) in brain neurons and retinal pigment epithelial cells act via stimulation of neuroendocrine L-type channels (Cav1.3) FASEB J, April 1, 2001; 15(6): 970 - 977. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Naora, Y. Yang, F. J. Montz, J. D. Seidman, R. J. Kurman, and R. B. S. Roden A serologically identified tumor antigen encoded by a homeobox gene promotes growth of ovarian epithelial cells PNAS, March 27, 2001; 98(7): 4060 - 4065. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. F. Reilly and P. A. Maher Importin {beta}-Mediated Nuclear Import of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor: Role in Cell Proliferation J. Cell Biol., March 19, 2001; 152(6): 1307 - 1312. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Berking, R. Takemoto, K. Satyamoorthy, R. Elenitsas, and M. Herlyn Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor and Ultraviolet B Transform Melanocytes in Human Skin Am. J. Pathol., March 1, 2001; 158(3): 943 - 953. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. Sheikh, D. P. Sontag, R. R. Fandrich, E. Kardami, and P. A. Cattini Overexpression of FGF-2 increases cardiac myocyte viability after injury in isolated mouse hearts Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, March 1, 2001; 280(3): H1039 - H1050. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Auguste, D. B. Gürsel, S. Lemière, D. Reimers, P. Cuevas, F. Carceller, J. P. Di Santo, and A. Bikfalvi Inhibition of Fibroblast Growth Factor/Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Activity in Glioma Cells Impedes Tumor Growth by Both Angiogenesis-dependent and -independent Mechanisms Cancer Res., February 1, 2001; 61(4): 1717 - 1726. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				G Deutsch, J Jung, M Zheng, J Lora, and K. Zaret A bipotential precursor population for pancreas and liver within the embryonic endoderm Development, January 3, 2001; 128(6): 871 - 881. [Abstract] [PDF]

				A. Parenti, L. Brogelli, S. Donnini, M. Ziche, and F. Ledda ANG II potentiates mitogenic effect of norepinephrine in vascular muscle cells: role of FGF-2 Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, January 1, 2001; 280(1): H99 - H107. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Salven, A. Orpana, L. Teerenhovi, and H. Joensuu Simultaneous elevation in the serum concentrations of the angiogenic growth factors VEGF and bFGF is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a single-institution study of 200 patients Blood, December 1, 2000; 96(12): 3712 - 3718. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Van den Berghe, H. Laurell, I. Huez, C. Zanibellato, H. Prats, and B. Bugler FIF [Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 (FGF-2)-Interacting-Factor], a Nuclear Putatively Antiapoptotic Factor, Interacts Specifically with FGF-2 Mol. Endocrinol., November 1, 2000; 14(11): 1709 - 1724. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				D. Salani, G. Taraboletti, L. Rosano, V. Di Castro, P. Borsotti, R. Giavazzi, and A. Bagnato Endothelin-1 Induces an Angiogenic Phenotype in Cultured Endothelial Cells and Stimulates Neovascularization In Vivo Am. J. Pathol., November 1, 2000; 157(5): 1703 - 1711. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]