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Metabolism and Effects of Epidermal Growth Factor and Related Growth Factors in Mammals^*

Department of Pediatrics, University of California at Los Angeles School of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center Torrance, California 90509

Correspondence: Address requests for reprints to: Delbert A. Fisher, M.D., Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California 90509.

Abstract

DURING the past three decades a number of peptide growth factors have been isolated and characterized. Among these are several families of factors: insulin and the insulin-like growth factors, the hematopoetic colony stimulating factors, the fibroblast growth factors, and the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family. All of these are involved in mammalian growth and development. Here we review current understanding of the metabolism and roles of the EGF family of growth factors in mammals. The EGF literature is extensive, and, to limit the current bibliography, review articles have been cited where possible.

The human EGF family includes EGF, transforming growth factor- (TGF), and amphiregulin. The structures of these factors are shown in Fig. 1. TGF and amphiregulin have 35—40% homology with EGF (1–4). The vaccinia virus growth factor (Fig. 1) and the myxomavirus and shope fibroma virus growth factors (not shown) have 20–35% homology with human EGF (4).

Footnotes

^* Supported by USPHS Grant HD-04270 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.

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